Milk is known to contain many bioactive compounds as well as bovine exosomal miRNA that can have effects on various cells, including stem cells. Among them, adipose stem cells (ASC) are of particular interest due to their role in adipose tissue growth, thus, obesity. In this study we aimed to determine if the consumption of milk had an effect on ASC in growing piglets. For this study, twelve 8- to 9-wk-old Duroc-Berkshire cross piglets were used and were all fed a normal growing diet supplemented with 750 mL of whole milk (n = 6; TRT) or an isocaloric maltodextrin solution (n = 6; CTR). At the end of 11 wk, the pigs were euthanized to isolate ASC from their subcutaneous back fat. Amount of isolated cells/g of tissue and colony forming units (cfu) were assessed. A proliferation assay and RNA extraction and sequencing were performed using passage 1 ASC. All cell data were analyzed using R with a linear mixed effects model with treatment as main effect and pig as random effect for proliferation and cfu and a Welch 2 sample t-test for amount of cells/g tissue. mRNA sequencing data were analyzed using Kallisto for alignment and annotation and the expression analysis was conducted by fitting a negative binomial model using the edgeR package in R. There was a tendency for more ASC/g tissue isolated from TRT (P = 0.09) as well as significantly more ASC proliferation (P < 0.05) when compared with CTR. There were no differences between TRT and CTR for the cfu (P = 0.15). RNA sequencing analysis identified 509 genes affected by milk supplementation with a FDR < 0.1. Analysis with Dynamic Impact Approach and DAVID revealed an induction by milk supplementation of lipid metabolism-related pathways and cGMP-PKG that are associated with a decrease in obesity-related inflammation. Analyses also indicated that milk supplementation inhibited immune-related pathways such as T cell differentiation and leukocyte migration along with MAPK signaling. In addition, pathways associated with insulin resistance and type II diabetes were both inhibited in TRT vs. CTR. Our data indicate that supplementing milk can improve the status of ASC via transcriptomic effects with a possible beneficial effect on preventing obesity and related problems.