Use of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) such as ovum pickup and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and multiple ovulation for embryo transfer (ET) has increased in beef and dairy herds. Objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to evaluate the impact of ART on reproductive performance of dairy donors. Donor heifers (n = 683; 440 IVF and 243 ET) from a single herd in north Florida were enrolled with ART procedures were performed from January 2002 to July 2017. Up to 3 non-donors were paired to each donor based on birth date. Logistic regression was used to evaluate risk of culling. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate age and DIM at first breeding, time to pregnancy, age at first calving in heifers and first lactation cows. Statistical models included the fixed effects of ART type, birth year, season of breeding and first calving, and 2-way interactions. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using method of Tukey. Information on genomic predicted transmitting ability for production and fertility traits was not accounted by statistical models due to lack of original genomic predictions for older animals. First service hazard was smaller for ET heifers compared with non-donors (AHR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.52–0.67) whereas no difference was observed between non-donors and IVF heifers. Age at first calving was 11 d and 9 d longer for IVF (AHR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.77–0.95) and ET heifers (AHR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.72–0.95) compared with non-donors. Risk of culling before first calving was smaller (P < 0.001) for heifers that underwent ART procedures compared with non-donors (IVF = 0.2; ET = 0.4; non-donors = 2.1%). First lactation cows that were ET donors as heifers had increased hazard of pregnancy (P = 0.05) compared with non-donors (AHR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.00–1.46) whereas no difference was observed between IVF and non-donor heifers during their first lactation (AHR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.70–1.03; P = 0.11). Use of ART in dairy heifers before first calving did not negatively affect the risk of culling or time to pregnancy during first lactation.