Abstract #W148

# W148
Design updates to dual-flow continuous culture fermenters reduce variance of digestibility and bacterial nitrogen flow compared with previous fermenters.
E. Kesselring1, L. Antal1, T. Henthorne1, B. Wenner*2, 1Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

In response to the need for updated and affordable dual-flow continuous culture fermenter systems within the scientific community, modifications were made to the classic design for new construction. These modifications are summarized in 4 categories. First, simplification and performance optimization of the base unit with updated electrical components, modernized gearing, and self-calibrating thermostats. Second, changes to the shape of the fermenter jar to decrease construction cost and improve anaerobic stability. Third, extended reach and angle to the stirring mechanism for improved mixing and solids turnover. And lastly, simplification of a 2-stage filter system to reduce failure rate. Our hypothesis was that fermenter experiments with the updated fermenter system would decrease variance estimates for common dependent variables: NDF digestibility, VFA production, ammonia N flow, and bacterial N flow. To test this hypothesis, data were collected from 3 published fermenter experiments (n = 48) utilizing the old system and 2 fermenter experiments with the updated units (n = 48). Experiments utilized common diets, dilution rates, feeding rates, and sampling times. Variances were calculated within treatment, then pooled to provide a ratio of new versus old system variances for the 4 dependent variables. An F-test was conducted on the new:old variance ratio and a significant decrease in experimental variance was declared at P < 0.05. Updated fermenter systems decreased (P < 0.01) variance of NDFd estimates by 55% and decreased (P < 0.01) variance of bacterial N flow estimates by 55% compared with the original fermenter system. However, variance for VFA production was increased (P < 0.01) by 279% and variance for ammonia N flow tended to be increased (P = 0.09) by 46% in new versus old fermenter units. These data indicate the potential for new, more affordable dual-flow continuous culture systems to improve reliability of fiber digestibility and microbial growth research but more work is needed to reduce variance of concentration-based fermentation parameters.

Key Words: continuous culture fermentation, fiber digestibility, methods