Abstract #M140

# M140
Effect of fan and showering on physiological responses and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian bulls during subtropical summer.
M. Q. Shahid*1, M. A. Butt1, J. A. Bhatti2, A. Khalique3, 1Department of Livestock Production, Ravi Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 2Department of Animal Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan, 3Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.

The objective of current study was to determine the effect of fan and showering on physiological responses and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian bulls during subtropical summer in Pakistan. Thirty-six Holstein Friesian bulls balanced by age and weight were divided into 3 treatment groups. The treatments were: 1) CTL, bulls kept under shade only; 2) FN, bulls provided with fans under shade, and 3) FNS, showering along with fans under shade. The trail lasted for 6 mo from April, 2016 till September, 2016, divided into 2 seasons (dry hot and humid hot). The observations on ambient temperature, relative humidity, temperature-humidity index, DMI, water intake, rectal temperature (RT), pulse rate (PR), and respiration rate (RR) were taken daily and converted to weekly averages. Semen characteristics and selected blood metabolites were measured fortnightly. The data were subjected to ANOVA using Proc Mixed of SAS. The results indicated that DMI of bulls was similar between the treatment groups. Mean weekly water intake, RT, PR, and RR were significantly lower in FNS group compared with CTL and FN (P < 0.001). Semen characteristics including semen concentration, post-thaw semen motility, progressive motility, amplitude of lateral head displacement, straightness, live to dead ratio, plasma membrane integrity, normal acrosomal ridge and DNA integrity were not different between the treatment groups (P > 0.05). The FNS group tended to have higher semen volume compared with FN and CTL groups (P = 0.10). Blood glucose level was significantly lower in FNS compared with FN and CTL group (P < 0.05). Blood urea nitrogen and testosterone were not different among the treatment groups (P > 0.05). The current results indicated that showering with fans improved welfare of Holstein Friesian bulls by lowering physiological responses along with minor gain in semen volume during subtropical summer.

Key Words: heat stress, showering, bull performance