Abstract #196
Section: Production, Management and the Environment (orals)
Session: Production, Management, and Environment II
Format: Oral
Day/Time: Monday 2:15 PM–2:30 PM
Location: Ballroom C
Session: Production, Management, and Environment II
Format: Oral
Day/Time: Monday 2:15 PM–2:30 PM
Location: Ballroom C
# 196
Genetically modified crops and no-till systems reduce production of greenhouse gases from crops used for feeds.
J. L. Vicini*1, G. S. McNunn2, 1Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO, 2EFC Systems, Ames, IA.
Key Words: feed production, greenhouse gases
Genetically modified crops and no-till systems reduce production of greenhouse gases from crops used for feeds.
J. L. Vicini*1, G. S. McNunn2, 1Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO, 2EFC Systems, Ames, IA.
Animal agriculture is challenged with societal issues such as animal welfare, antibiotic use and sustainability. Consumers are increasingly interested in sustainability of meat, milk and eggs because agriculture, both crop and animal ag, is a major contributor to greenhouse gases (GHG); however, cropping decisions can be a potential solution for storing GHG. Most farms in the US have relied in a large part on genetically modified (GM) crops and no-till (NT) planting for the last 20 years. In the United States, more than 90% of corn, soybean, and cotton are GM and livestock are major consumers of these crops. Because feed production is a significant contributor to GHG production for animal agriculture, it is important to understand how this technology affects farm sustainability. We hypothesized that GHG would be reduced by planting GM crops and adoption of NT and tested this hypothesis by developing a model-based analysis across 12 states in the US corn-belt. The analysis generated potential erosion and GHG emission estimates associated with the implementation of several practices based on public SSURGO data, NASS crop productivity data, and spatially explicit weather data. Rill and inter-rill erosion resulting from rainfall and surface runoff were modeled and sediment loss and deposition due to wind was simulated. In addition to erosion, soil organic carbon (SOC) change and nitrous oxide flux (N2O) were modeled using the Denitrification-Decomposition model (DNDC). The model has the ability to test different factors such as type of crop, tillage, crop rotation and irrigation. Based on the analysis, average GHG emissions associated with corn production across the US Corn Belt could be reduced or mitigated with GM crops and NT. For instance, with continuous corn for 6 years, conventional corn and conventional tillage emit 461 kg CO2e/ac/yr. In contrast, GM corn and no-till emit 151 kg CO2e/ac/yr. These changes can help dairy farms meet sustainability goals.
Key Words: feed production, greenhouse gases