Abstract #T119

# T119
Effect of stocking rate on pasture production and utilization on a grazing dairy system during winter and spring.
Gastón Ortega*1, Tatiana Nuñez1, Diego Custodio1, Ricardo Mello1, Yesica Lopez1, Pablo Chilibroste2, 1Agronomy Faculty, Animal Science Department, Progreso, Canelones, Uruguay, 2Agronomy Faculty, Animal Science Department, Grass Production and Utilization on Grazing Systems, Paysandú, Paysandú, Uruguay.

A farmlet study was conducted to determine the effect of 2 stocking rates [medium (MSR) or high (HSR)] on grass production and utilization. Four farmlets (2 per treatment) on a Uruguayan pasture based dairy system were grazed either with 1.5 (MSR) or 2.0 (HSR) milking cows per hectare from June to December in 2016 and 2017. Nighty 6 cows were randomized to the farmlets based on parity (3.3 + 1.3; 2.1 +1.6), BW (500 ± 91; 520 + 87) and BCS (2.95 ± 0.87; 2.9 + 0.5) for 2016 and 2017, respectively. Every week, the sward mass of each individual plot in each farmlet was assessed through the double sample technique. Based on these observations, herbage intake per hectare was estimated as well as mean growth rate (GR, kgDM/ha/day) for each paddock and the whole farmlet. The grazing area was adjusted weekly based on the GR registered for each treatment. The data were analyzed with a mixed model, which included stocking rate, month (year), as fixed effects. The repeated measurement was week. Differences were declared significant when P < 0.05 by Tukey HSD test. Cows grazed a daily strip with a mean herbage allowance above ground of 15.2 vs 13.4 kg DM/cow/d for 2016 (P < 0.05) and 18.4 and 15.5 kg DM/d/cow (P < 0.05) for MSR and HSR, respectively. Cows on HSR and MSR grazed the same amount of grass (14.5 vs 14.4 kgDM/day/ha) during 2016 but did graze differently during 2017 where HSR cows ate 19.6 vs 14.6 k g DM/day/ha (P < 0.05) than MSR cows. Differences in GR (kgDM/ha/day) for the same year were not significant between treatments. Nevertheless, GR was greater in 2016 than in 2017 (P < 0.05). The amount of grass harvested in 2016 was higher for MSR (7140 kg DM/ha; 42% grazing:68% haylage) than for HSR (3045 kg DM/ha; 100% grazing). During 2017, total grass harvested was 6339 kg DM/ha for HSR (65% grazing: 35% haylage) and 6441 kg DM/ha for MSR (47% grazing: 53% haylage). Increasing stocking rate (HSR) grazed higher amount of grass per hectare, despite the less harvest opportunity per cow. However, the estrategy of harvest (grazing vs mechanical) will be affected according to stocking rate, where MSR systems were able to harvested more haylage (mechanically).

Key Words: stocking rate, grazing, haylage