Abstract #T280
Section: Ruminant Nutrition (posters)
Session: Ruminant Nutrition II
Format: Poster
Day/Time: Tuesday 7:30 AM–9:30 AM
Location: Exhibit Hall A
Session: Ruminant Nutrition II
Format: Poster
Day/Time: Tuesday 7:30 AM–9:30 AM
Location: Exhibit Hall A
# T280
In vitro screening of technical lignins for their antifungal activity against fungi isolated from spoiled hay.
Diana C. Reyes*1, Seanna L. Annis2, Santiago A. Rivera1, Dimitris S. Argyropoulos3, Jennifer J. Perry4, Changqing Wu6, Suleyman Alparslan1, Diana Gomez1, Dominique DePippo1, Miguel S. Castillo5, Juan J. Romero1, 1Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 2School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 3Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 4Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 5Department of Crop and Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 6Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE.
Key Words: hay, spoilage, technical lignins
In vitro screening of technical lignins for their antifungal activity against fungi isolated from spoiled hay.
Diana C. Reyes*1, Seanna L. Annis2, Santiago A. Rivera1, Dimitris S. Argyropoulos3, Jennifer J. Perry4, Changqing Wu6, Suleyman Alparslan1, Diana Gomez1, Dominique DePippo1, Miguel S. Castillo5, Juan J. Romero1, 1Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 2School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 3Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 4Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 5Department of Crop and Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 6Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE.
The objective of this experiment was to screen a set of technical lignins for their antifungal activity in vitro. Treatments evaluated (4% wt/vol) were (1) Kraft lignin (UW), (2) treatment (TRT) 1 acetone insoluble fraction (AI), (3) TRT 1 hexane insoluble (HEX), (4) TRT 1 Hexane soluble (PI), (5) alkali Kraft lignin (AKL), (6) Na lignosulfonate (NaL), (7) Mg lignosulfonate (MgL), (8) ammonium lignosulfonate (AMOL), (9) propionic acid (PRP), and (10) Control (untreated). Mucor circinelloides, Penicillium solitum, Aspergillus amoenus, and Debaryomyces hansenii were isolated from spoiled alfalfa and timothy hay. The experiment had a complete randomized block design (CRBD, 4 runs) and a factorial arrangement of 3 molds (MLD) × 10 TRT. A CRBD was used to test for the yeast (D. hansenii). Data were analyzed with PROC GLM (SAS 9.4); when an interaction was present, the SLICE option was used. Differences were declared at P ≤ 0.05. We found an interaction effect of MLD × TRT (P < 0.001). For A. amoenus we observed 100 ± 2.77% antifungal activity for PRP and NaL, followed by MgL (40.9%) and AKL (12.1%, P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition by other TRT was <5%. For M. circinelloides the most effective TRT were PRP and NaL (100 ± 2.77%), followed by MgL (73%) and AKL (49.7%; P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition by other TRT was <10%. For P. solitum the most effective TRT were PRP and NaL (100 ± 2.77%), followed by MgL, (28.1%), and PI (8.1%; P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition by other TRT was <1%. For NaL, PRP, and HEX there were not differences across MLD. However, for MgL, different inhibitions were observed across M. circinelloides, A. amoenus, and P. solitum, (72.9, 40.9, and 28.1 ± 2.77%, respectively; P ≤ 0.05) as well for AKL (49.7, 12.1, and −8.0 ± 2.77%, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). Overall, M. circinelloides was the most sensitive mold, followed by A. amoenus, and P. solitum. For D. hansenii, we identified PRP, NaL, and MgL as the most effective TRT with 100 ± 3% antifungal activity, followed by AKL, AMOL, PI, and UW (9.8, 9.9, 10.6, and 8.4% respectively; P ≤ 0.05). Inhibition by other TRT was <4%. PRP, NaL, MgL, and AKL were found to have the most antifungal activity.
Key Words: hay, spoilage, technical lignins
