Inflammatory diseases postpartum have long-lasting effects on reproduction of dairy cows and increase substantially the likelihood of pregnancy losses. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the lasting effects of inflammatory diseases extends into postnatal life in pregnancies that survive until term. Incidence of diseases (metritis, mastitis, lameness, respiratory and digestive problems) in 5,085 cows from a single herd in FL was recorded from calving until first breeding postpartum. Cows that became pregnant after first breeding were followed until calving. Born female calves were then followed up to 305 d in milk of their first lactation, and data related to morbidity, mortality, culling, reproduction and milk production were recorded. Data were analyzed by logistic regression or ANOVA using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS according to data distribution. A total of 1,211 cows calved from the first breeding. Out of those, 872 cows did not have any diseases postpartum in the previous lactation (H-DAM) and 339 cows had at least one disease postpartum in the previous lactation (D-DAM). Out of the 339 D-DAM, 300 had a single disease (SD-DAM) and 39 had multiple diseases (MD-DAM). The proportion of female calves born did not differ among groups and averaged 51.9%. Incidence of dystocia was greater in D-DAM compared with H-DAM (39.8 vs 30.2%; P < 0.01). Rate of morbidity, mortality, and culling before and after first calving, age at first AI, pregnancy after first AI, age at first calving, and milk production in the first lactation did not differ between heifers born from H-DAM and those born from D-DAM. Nonetheless, the incidence of diseases before first calving was smaller for MD-DAM heifers compared with SD-DAM and H-DAM heifers (26.3 vs 62.2 vs 57.4%; P = 0.04). The rate of morbidity was also lesser for MD-DAM compared with H-DAM (hazard ratio = 0.35; P = 0.01) and S-DAM (hazard ratio = 0.34; P = 0.02) heifers. The results indicate that transgenerational effects of postpartum inflammatory diseases were only present when multiple cases occurred and resulted in reduced susceptibility to diseases in heifers, but no differences in performance.