Abstract #M166

# M166
Effects of irrigation on sorghum forage yield and quality in the central sands region of Wisconsin.
A. Grisham*1, M. Akins1, E. Remick1, H. Su2, R. Ogden3, W. Coblentz3, 1Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 2College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 3US Dairy Forage Research Center, Marshfield, WI.

A study was conducted to assess effects of irrigation on yield and quality of photoperiod sensitive (PS) and non-PS forage sorghums in comparison to corn in central Wisconsin. Treatments were arranged as a split-plot with a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Five irrigation rates (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) relative to corn water needs were applied using a linear irrigation system with each rate applied as one strip. For practical purposes, the 0% rate was in a different field at the station with a similar soil type. Irrigation rates were attained using irrigation nozzles with different flow rates. Within irrigation rate strip, cultivars (corn, PS forage sorghum, PS sorghum-sudangrass, forage sorghum, BMR forage sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass, BMR sorghum sudangrass, PS BMR sudangrass) were randomly assigned within 3 replicate blocks. Plots were established June 2, 2016 and harvested using a single harvest at 1/3 to 1/2 corn kernel milk-line, soft to hard-dough stage or after a frost for sorghums. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4. Precipitation as rain was 62.2 cm; irrigation totals were 7.4, 14.9, 22.4, and 29.8 cm for 25, 50, 75, and 100% rates, respectively. Cultivars interacted with irrigation rate (Table 1; P = 0.04) with PS varieties and BMR forage sorghum most responsive to greater irrigation rates, corn having moderate responses, and forage sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass and sudangrass being less responsive. This may be due to PS varieties exhibiting no reproductive growth until harvest. Sorghum-sudangrass and forage sorghum have potential to be grown with less irrigation and have high forage yields. Table 1. DM yields (kg/ha) for sorghums and corn at various irrigation rates
VarietyIrrigation rate (%)
0255075100
Corn15,50815,05317,33819,30122,452
PS forage sorghum120,38423,49835,40739,78237,438
PS sorghum-sudan21,10826,91731,66638,75244,457
Forage sorghum26,08924,70725,16326,80531,465
Sorghum-sudan19,78719,24925,09525,97721,691
BMR forage sorghum15,91522,62421,27329,83734,787
BMR sorghum-sudan18,51018,92819,42818,67424,633
PS BMR sudangrass21,28023,37819,74928,42624,603
SEM3,536
Variety × Irrigation (P-value)0.04
1PS = photoperiod sensitive.

Key Words: irrigation, sorghum forage