Abstract #281

Section: Animal Health
Session: Animal Health III
Format: Oral
Day/Time: Tuesday 10:30 AM–10:45 AM
Location: 324
# 281
Factors associated with veal calf morbidity on an Ontario grain-fed (red) veal operation.
K. Scott*1, D. Renaud1, T. Duffield1, D. Kelton1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Canada has approximately 11,280 dairy farms and 959,100 dairy cows producing 479,800 male calves per year. The majority of male calves in Ontario are transported to a veal-rearing facility, with approximately 220, 000 veal calves entering Ontario’s red meat industry every year. Currently, there is very little research on the factors that influence the morbidity and overall wellness of these male calves entering the veal industry. The objective of this ongoing study is to assess the impact of calf specific health attributes measured at arrival on the animal’s morbidity risk and average daily gain (ADG). Using a calf-scoring program (Calf Health Scorer App) developed by McGuirk et al. (2014) and supplemental scoring adapted from Wilson et al. (2000), Holstein and crossbred calves (n = 131) of unknown age were evaluated immediately upon arrival at a grain-fed veal rearing facility in Southwestern Ontario. The results from the period of January to February 2017 were tabulated using Stata 14 (StataCorp College Station, Texas). Thus far 4.6% of the Holstein and crossbred male calves were diagnosed to have respiratory disease at the time of arrival. More specifically, 9.9% induced at least a single cough with tracheal stimulation, 11.5% were dull or depressed animals, failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulin’s was identified in 14.5%, fever (rectal temperature greater than 39°C) in 14.5%, signs of clinical dehydration 25.2% (based off of visual appearance, suckle reflex and skin tent), diarrhea in 25.8%, enlarged navel with pain and or moisture 27.5%, and lack of subcutaneous fat or emaciated appearance in 63.4%. In addition to the visual assessment, a Kestrel 5200 Professional Environmental Meter was placed within the trailer during transport of the calves to determine the environment during transport. There was a varying range of temperatures from −5.3°C to 7.0°C, wind speeds of 0m/s to 2.7m/s, and a humidity range of 1.8% to 4.3%. With the information gathered so far it suggests that there are many improvements that can be made within the grain-fed veal industry to improve the well-being and morbidity of these animals.

Key Words: male calf, health screening