Abstract #M160

# M160
Evaluation of yield and quality of photoperiod-sensitive sorghums in central Wisconsin.
E. Remick*1, M. Akins1, A. Grisham1, H. Su2, W. Coblentz3, R. Ogden3, 1Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 2College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 3US Dairy Forage Research Center, Marshfield, WI.

A 2-year study (2015, 2016) was conducted at 2 sites (Marshfield, Hancock) in central Wisconsin to assess yield and quality of photoperiod sensitive (PS) and non-PS sorghums in relation to corn planted on 2 dates and harvested once or twice. At each site, treatments were arranged in a split-split plot in a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Main plots of planting date (early or mid-June) were randomized within block. Subplots of harvest strategy (harvested once or twice) were randomized within planting date. Within harvest strategy, 8 forages were assigned (corn, PS sorghum, PS sorghum-sudangrass, sorghum, brown midrib (BMR) sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass, BMR sorghum-sudangrass, or PS-BMR sudangrass). Multi-harvests occurred in mid-summer and fall, and single harvest was based on maturity or after a frost. Data were analyzed using the Mixed model of SAS. Single harvest plots had greater yields than multi-harvest (18,961 vs 9,970 kg DM/ha; P < 0.01), a site by harvest interaction (P < 0.01) suggested 2 harvests were more similar to 1 harvest at Marshfield than Hancock. Yields were greater at Hancock than at Marshfield (16,562 vs 12,370 kg DM/ha; P < 0.01) and were greater in 2016 than 2015 (18,262 vs 10,669 kg DM/ha; P < 0.01). The early June planting had greater yields than mid-June (15,320 vs 13,612 kg DM/ha; P = 0.02). There was a harvest x variety (Table 1; P < 0.01) interaction; single harvest PS varieties and non-PS sorghum-sudangrass yielded more than BMR varieties, corn and forage sorghum were intermediate. Sorghum-sudangrass and sudangrass had more similar yields using either 1 or 2 harvests than other varieties. Overall, sorghum can provide high yields of moderate quality forage. Table 1. DM yields (kg/ha) for sorghums and corn using single or multiple harvests at Hancock and Marshfield in 2015 and 2016
Forage1Harvest
SingleMulti
Corn17,5515,159
PS forage sorghum23,6069,024
PS sorghum-sudan25,21813,850
Forage sorghum18,05410,677
Sorghum-sudan21,06714,412
BMR forage sorghum216,3728,128
BMR sorghum-sudan14,9649,206
PS BMR sudangrass14,8579,307
SEM1,038
Variety × harvest (P-value)<0.01
1PS = photoperiod sensitive; BMR = brown midrib.

Key Words: sorghum forage, harvest strategy