Abstract #76

# 76
Development of a berry processing score for sorghum silage.
J. R. Johnson*1, J. P. Goeser2, M. J. Brouk1, 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2Rock River Laboratories, Watertown, WI.

This study was done in an effort to develop a berry processing score (BPS) for sorghum silage, similar to the kernel processing score (KPS) currently used for corn silage. Sorghum silage samples were collected from 3 commercial dairies and processed through a roller mill using 1 of 3 different roll gap settings to give 4 differently processed samples: unprocessed, 1.5, 1.0, or 0.5 mm. After drying, samples were placed into a Ro-Tap particle separation machine fitted with sieves containing square apertures of 9.50, 6.70, 4.75, 4.00, 3.35, 2.80, 2.36, 1.70, 1.18, and 0.6 mm (and a pan). Samples were placed into the Ro-Tap machine for 10 min until the whole sample was separated, allowing for the determination of mean particle size (MPS) and percent material retained on each sieve by weight. Whole samples, as well as separated fiber and whole berry portions were sent to Rock River Laboratories (Watertown, WI) and analyzed for percent starch retained on each sieve. As the roll gap setting was reduced, MPS tended to be reduced (2.16, 2.15, 2.07, and 2.00 ± 0.05 mm for unprocessed, 1.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 0.5 mm, respectively; P = 0.09). Whole berries per g of sample weight were reduced (P < 0.01) from 10.0 to 0.3 ± 1.2 whole berries per g as the roll gap spacing was reduced, indicating successful processing of the samples. Percent starch passing through the 1.7 mm sieve was greater (P < 0.01) at the 0.5 mm roll gap for the whole sample (18.90, 22.31, 29.45, and 36.92 ± 2.93 for unprocessed, 1.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 0.5 mm, respectively). The percent starch of the whole berry sample retained on the 2.8 mm sieve was 49.31 and 5.26 ± 6.07% while percent starch retained on the 1.7 mm sieve was 4.2 and 48.04 ± 6.07% for unprocessed and 0.5 mm, respectively (P < 0.01). Thus, we have determined that the appropriate sieve to use in determining a BPS for sorghum silage is the 1.7 mm sieve. A BPS for any sorghum silage sample can be calculated by analyzing the whole sample for the percent starch that passes through the 1.7 mm sieve. Further research to determine the relationship between BPS in sorghum silage and ruminal starch digestion is being conducted.

Key Words: sorghum silage, processing, starch digestion