The transition period is one of the most challenging times for dairy cattle, and if excellent management is not in place, cows may not be able to cope with these challenges. It has been reported that preventive treatment of postpartum cows with anti-inflammatory drugs may decrease pain and inflammation, enhancing cow welfare and performance during the early lactation period. However, these strategies involve many interventions, requiring extra labor, and are time-consuming. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of new preventive strategy with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on daily milk yield, milk conductivity and rumination in dairy cows after calving. Dairy cows (n = 246) from one dairy farm located in central Pennsylvania were included in this study. Cows were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to 2 groups: 1) ASP (n = 121): within ~12 h after parturition cows received 2 treatments with ASA (200 mg/kg; 4 boluses) 24 h apart; or 2) UNT (n = 125): remained untreated. Daily milk yield, milk conductivity and rumination were collected using electronic monitors (Afimilk, Kibbutz Afikim, Israel) from calving to 60 d in milk (DIM). The data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS as a randomized block design with repeated measures. Cows treated with ASA tended to produce more milk (ASP = 32.16 ± 0.55 kg/d; UNT = 31.09 ± 0.59 kg/d) during the first 30 DIM, with no significant differences being observed between 30 and 60 DIM. There was no difference in daily milk conductivity and rumination in cows treated with ASA compared with UNT cows. The results of this study support previous findings showing that the use of anti-inflammatory drugs after calving may increase milk production. However, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms utilized by the cow to produce the observed increase in milk yield.