This study was compared the rumen fermentation parameters and enteric methane production between Holstein and Jersey steers under cold stress feeding same total mixed ration (TMR). In this study, 3 Holstein (508.92 ± 7.95) and 3 Jersey (392.75 ± 30.85) steers were used under a completely randomized design. The animals were subjected for 2 periods of 7 d adaptation period and 5 d experimental period in winter. For each experimental period, the methane (CH₄) was measured at the first 3 d using an automated head chamber (GreenFeed) system and the collection of rumen fluids at 0, 3, and 6 h at the last 2 d. The rumen fluids were analyzed for pH, ammonia-nitrogen (NH₃-N) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations. The average ambient temperature, relative humidity of and temperature humidity index (THI) were recorded accordingly, 3.98°C, 59.99%, 45.98. All the animals were fed with TMR diet containing 66.97% dry matter (DM), 16.22% crude protein, 3.11% crude fat, and 14.89% crude fiber. The dry matter intake (DMI) and daily weight gain were also recorded. The results showed that DMI (kg/d) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Holstein (13.42) than that of Jersey (9.66). The numerical value of daily weight gain (kg/d) was double in Holstein (1.22) compare with Jersey (0.60). The CH₄ production in Holstein had 154.17 g/d while Jersey had 136.83 g/d but was not significantly different to each other. Conversely, CH₄ yield in Jersey (15.01 g/kg DMI) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in comparison to Holstein (11.63 g/kg DMI). The pH values, NH₃-N, acetate, propionate, and total VFA concentrations did not differ significantly. However, Jersey produced more butyric acid with 57.33, 42.24, and 43.70 mmol/L (P < 0.05) than Holstein with 39.41, 31.09, and 35.57 mmol/L at 0, 3, and 6 h collection times, respectively. Overall, results imply that cold stress has a potential effect on rumen fermentation and methane emission in Holstein and Jersey steers.