We evaluated the effects of fatty acid (FA) supplement blends containing 60% palmitic acid (C16:0) and either 30% stearic (C18:0) or 30% oleic (C18:1) acid on nutrient digestibility and production responses of low- and high-producing dairy cows. Multiparous Holstein cows (118 ± 44 DIM) were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in replicated 3 × 3 Latin squares with 21 d periods. Cows were assigned to one of 2 groups based on milk yield (n = 12/group): a) low group (40.0 ± 2.14 kg/d) and b) high group (54.3 ± 1.87 kg/d). Treatments were: 1) control (CON; diet with no supplemental FA), 2) FA supplement blend containing 60% C16:0 and 30% C18:0 (PA+SA), and 3) FA supplement blend containing 60% C16:0 and 30% C18:1 (PA+OA). Blends were fed at 1.5% DM. The statistical model included the random effect of cow within production group, and the fixed effect of treatment, production group, period, and interactions. Results are presented in the following order: CON, PA+SA, PA+OA. Regardless of production level, FA supplementation reduced DMI (33.2, 32.8, 32.4 kg/d; P < 0.05). Compared with CON, PA+SA decreased and PA+OA increased total-tract FA digestibility (71.7, 65.3, 74.1%, P < 0.001). Treatment by production group interactions were observed for NDF digestibility (P = 0.10), total FA intake (P = 0.09), and the yields of 3.5% FCM (P < 0.01), ECM (P < 0.02), and milk fat (P < 0.01). FA treatments increased NDF digestibility in low- (41.8, 43.9, 42.8%, P = 0.10) and high-producing cows (41.5, 45.7, 44.0%, P = 0.10) and increased total FA intake in low- (753, 1098, 1128 g/d, P = 0.09) and high-producing cows (815, 1207, 1237 g/d, P = 0.09). In low-producing cows, PA+SA increased 3.5% FCM (41.2, 42.6, 40.9 kg/d, P = 0.01), ECM (41.7, 43.0, 41.2 kg/d, P = 0.02), and milk fat yield (1.54, 1.60, 1.52 kg/d, P < 0.01). In high-producing cows PA+OA increased 3.5% FCM (51.6, 53.1, 54.6 kg/d, P = 0.01), ECM (52.1, 53.3, 54.5 kg/d, P = 0.02), and milk fat yield (1.80, 1.86, 1.92 kg/d, P < 0.01). In conclusion, high-producing cows responded better to a FA supplement containing 60% C16:0 and 30% C18:1, whereas lower-producing cows responded better to a FA supplement containing 60% C16:0 and 30% C18:0.