Spore-forming bacteria are found ubiquitously in natural environments, including on dairy farms. Manure, soil, water and other materials in cow environments can harbor millions of spores, exposing the cow and, ultimately, raw milk to these organisms. Research indicates that various on-farm management practices are associated with the presence and levels of spore-forming bacteria in bulk tank raw milk. This session will explore the types of management practices in various locations across the United States that are associated with psychrotolerant, mesophilic and thermophilic spores in bulk tank raw milk. Additionally, attendees will learn about approaches to reducing spore levels in raw milk through simple and inexpensive intervention strategies.