Abstract #T4

# T4
Effect of managment system on the lying behavior of organic dairy cows.
Victoria L. Couture*1, Peter D. Krawczel1, S. Ray Smith2, Liesel G. Schneider1, Agustin G. RÍus1, Gina M. Pighetti1, 1University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 2University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

Lying behavior is often used to measure dairy cow welfare in confinement systems. However, grazing dairy cows spend more time foraging, which alters the time budget. The objective was to identify variations in the lying behavior of organic, grazing dairy cows. Lactating cows (n = 230) from certified organic dairy farms (n = 5) were enrolled. Farms were categorized by housing and feeding management. Low input (LI) farms (n = 3 farms; 171 cows; 188.6 ± 92.8 DIM) used loose housing and relied on pasture for > 50% DMI. High input (HI) farms (n = 2 farms; 59 cows; 197.9 ± 90.5 DIM) used tie-stalls and relied on pasture for 30–50% of DMI. Accelerometers were affixed to the cows’ rear leg for 28-d periods during the spring (P1), summer (P2), and fall (P3) on LI farms and during P1 and P3 on HI farms. Data were analyzed using the MEANS and MIXED procedures in SAS (v9.4). A linear mixed model was developed using backward manual elimination to test the effects of milk yield (MY), parity, and DIM on lying time in LI and HI farms. HI cows laid longer than LI cows (11.16 ± 0.06 vs 8.49 ± 0.03 h/d). Lying time of the LI cows increased from P1 to P3, but HI cows did not differ (P1: LI = 7.41 ± 0.07 h/d; P3: LI = 9.21 ± 0.05 h/d; P1: HI = 11.13 ± 0.08 h/d; P3: HI = 11.20 ± 0.09 h/d). On LI farms, increased MY was associated with decreased lying time and as DIM increased, so did lying time (P ≤ 0.01). LI primiparous cows laid less (7.62 h/d) than second (8.85 h/d; P = 0.001) or third (9.3 h/d; P = 0.0004) parity cows, but were did not differ from cows in their fourth or greater parity (8.21 h/d; P = 0.44). Lying time was also decreased for cows in the 4 or greater lactation compared with those in their third (P = 0.02). On HI farms, as DIM increased, lying time increased (P < 0.01), but MY and parity did not have an effect (P > 0.05). LI cows were more active overall and lying behavior was more sensitive to MY and parity in comparison to HI cows. Closer examination of the environmental factors effecting lying behavior on LI and HI systems will aid in formulating welfare and production recommendations for organic, grazing dairy cows.

Key Words: dairy, grazing, lying behavior