The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the use of intravaginal probiotics prepartum on the prevalence of metritis postpartum and overall fertility. Holstein cows were enrolled 3 weeks before their expected calving date from 2 farms (Farm A: 322; Farm B:290). Each cow received a 2 mL dose of a combination of 3 lactic acid bacteria, washed with approximately 2 mL of a sterile solution, into the vaginal canal twice weekly until parturition. Metritis diagnoses were carried out at d 6 and d 12 postpartum. Vaginal discharge and rectal temperature were assessed and scored on a scale from 1 to 4, where 1 = clear and 4 = fetid, purulent discharge. Metritis was classified as cows having a vaginal discharge score of 4, with or without the presence of fever, on at least one exam. Cows were bred after a 60d voluntary waiting period primarily via automated activity monitors; cows not found in estrus were enrolled on timed AI protocol to receive 1st breeding before 100DIM. Pregnancy diagnosis was carried out at 31 ± 3 d post-AI. Data analyzed by ANOVA was carried out using the GLIMMIX procedure and survival analysis using the PHREG procedure of SAS. The overall prevalence of metritis was 28.6%. Probiotic treatment reduced the prevalence of metritis; however, there was an interaction with farm (Farm A: Treatment - 18.2 ± 0.04 Control - 28.2 ± 0.03; Farm B: Treatment - 33.5 ± 0.04 Control - 30.0 ± 0.04%; P = 0.03). Pregnancy at 1st AI was not affected by the probiotic treatment, however, less metritic cows became pregnant at first AI than non-metritic cows (22.1 ± 0.04 vs 32.2 ± 0.03%; P = 0.04). There was an interaction between metritis and treatment on hazard of pregnancy (HP) at 300DIM, where treatment did not affect the HP for non-metritic cows, however, for metritic cows, the HP was in increased for cows on the probiotic treatment (hazard ratio = 1.42; P = 0.03). Farm also affected HP, but no interaction between treatment and farm was found. In conclusion, vaginal probiotic treatment has the potential to decrease the prevalence of metrtitis and is associated with increased fertility, however, this seems subjective to farm effects.