The objectives of this research were to estimate variance components for 6 common health events recorded by producers on US dairy farms, as well as investigate correlations with fitness traits currently used for selection. Producer-recorded health event data were available from Dairy Records Management Systems (NCSU, Raleigh, NC) for 6 common health events occurring in US dairy herds: hypocalcemia (CALC), displaced abomasum (DSAB), ketosis (KETO), mastitis (MAST), metritis (METR), and retained placenta (RETP). Standardization and editing constraints were applied to ensure data validity. After editing, the number of phenotypic records ranged from 1.2 million for CALC up to 2.5 million for MAST. Traditional predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) were calculated for 63.1 million Holsteins using a linear animal model accounting for year-season, age-parity, herd-year, and permanent environmental effects, as well as a regression on inbreeding. Heritability estimates on the observed scale were 0.6%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 3.1%, 1.4%, and 1.0% for CALC, DSAB, KETO, MAST, METR, and RETP, respectively. Genomic PTA were calculated using 60,671 markers for 1.36 million Holsteins. For bulls with >90% reliability (>75% for CALC and RETP), health trait PTA had low correlations with PTA protein (−0.03 to 0.23) but much higher correlations with official PTA for several fitness traits included in net merit. Largest correlations for each health trait were −0.68 for MAST with somatic cell score (SCS), 0.59 for KETO with daughter pregnancy rate (DPR), 0.47 for DSAB with livability, 0.46 for METR with DPR, −0.29 for CALC with SCS, and 0.17 for RETP with productive life (PL). An economically weighted sum of all 6 health trait PTA was correlated by 0.56 with PL, 0.55 with livability, 0.50 with DPR, and −0.45 with SCS, using estimated costs per case of $72 for MAST, $178 for DSAB, $105 for METR, $64 for RETP, $38 for CALC, and $28 for KETO. Young animal reliabilities averaged 11–18% from the pedigree model vs. 40–49% from genomic predictions. The standard deviation of lifetime net merit is $193 compared with $8 for the sum of health trait PTA that could be included in the near future.